MySQL5.7实现GTID功能的实验步骤及结果

发布时间：2023-08-16 14:50:16 所属栏目：MySql教程来源：

导读：下文给大家带来MySQL5.7实现GTID功能的实验流程及结果，希望能够给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助，

MYSQL涉及的东西比较多，理论也不多，网上有很多书籍，今天我们就用亿速云在行业内累计的经验来做一个解答。

下文给大家带来MySQL5.7实现GTID功能的实验流程及结果，希望能够给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助，

MYSQL涉及的东西比较多，理论也不多，网上有很多书籍，今天我们就用亿速云在行业内累计的经验来做一个解答。

192.168.205.37: as master server

192.168.205.47: as slave server

OS: centos 7 1810 with mini install

mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

GTID(global transaction ID)全局事务标识符，mysql5.6版本开始支持，GTID复制不像传统的复制方式（异步延复制、半同步复制）需要找到binlog和pos点，只需要知道master的IP、端口、账号、密码即可，开启GDIT后，执行change master to master_auto_position=1即可，它会自动寻找同步。我们使用mysql5.7开启两个server，一个为主另一个为从，测试GDIT功能。

解压缩文件

[root@centos7 mysql]#tar xvf mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

创建软链接

[root@centos7 local]#ln -s mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64/ mysql

添加mysql帐号

[root@centos7 local]#useradd -r -s /bin/false mysql

准备环境变量

[root@centos7 mysql]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@centos7 mysql]#echo $PATH

准备数据目录(可以不建，初始化数据库时会自动创建)

[root@centos7 mysql]#mkdir /data/mysql

[root@centos7 mysql]#chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql

安装相关包（跟据需要安装，初始化时会提示）

[root@centos7 mysql]#yum install libaio

初步化数据库

[root@centos7 mysql]#mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

2019-08-12T00:43:03.799485Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2019-08-12T00:43:04.007086Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2019-08-12T00:43:04.043130Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2019-08-12T00:43:04.100702Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 24ddb90b-bc9a-11e9-856e-000c2956e1ea.

2019-08-12T00:43:04.101693Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2019-08-12T00:43:04.102159Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ia-ClrMga7L/

修改数据库配置文件

[root@centos7 mysql]#cp -b /etc/my.cnf{,.bak}

[root@centos7 mysql]#rpm -qf /etc/my.cnf

mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

[root@centos7 mysql]#vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/data/mysql

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid

[client]

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

准备启动脚本

[root@centos7 mysql]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@centos7 mysql]#chkconfig --list

[root@centos7 mysql]#chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@centos7 mysql]#chkconfig --list

[root@centos7 mysql]#service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql.log'.

SUCCESS!

修改密码

[root@centos7 mysql]#mysql -p"Ia-ClrMga7L/"

[root@centos7 mysql]#mysqladmin -uroot -p"Ia-ClrMga7L/" password centos

[root@centos7 mysql]#mysql -pcentos

数据库的用户帐号存放的表发生了变化，没有password，用authentication_string代替

mysql> desc user;

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from user;

+---------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

| user          | host      | authentication_string                     |

+---------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

| root          | localhost | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED |

| mysql.session | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |

| mysql.sys     | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |

+---------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

编辑配置文件设置主云服务器，开启GTID功能

[root@centos7 ~]#vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

server-id=37

log-bin

gtid_mode=ON

enforce_gtid_consistency

datadir=/data/mysql

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid

[client]

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[root@centos7 ~]#service mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

创建复制帐号

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'192.168.205.%' identified by 'centos';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

在从服务器上设置配置文件

[root@centos7 ~]#vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

server-id=47

gtid_mode=ON

enforce_gtid_consistency

datadir=/data/mysql

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid

[client]

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[root@centos7 ~]#service mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

在从服务器上登录，并修改change master to, 不需要指位置和文件名

[root@centos7 ~]#mysql -pcentos

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO

    ->   MASTER_HOST='192.168.205.37',

    ->   MASTER_USER='repluser',

    ->   MASTER_PASSWORD='centos',

    ->   MASTER_PORT=3306,

    ->   MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)

查看复制状态

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.205.37

                  Master_User: repluser

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: centos7-bin.000005

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 453

               Relay_Log_File: centos7-relay-bin.000002

                Relay_Log_Pos: 670

        Relay_Master_Log_File: centos7-bin.000005

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

测试数据库的复制

mysql> create database db1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

在从服务器上查看复制状态，复制成功

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| db1                |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| sys                |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec

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